Improving Energy Efficiency of Vehicles

Car efficiency can be improved through streamlined design: A vehicle with a streamlined shape has less air resistance which reduces the energy needed for travel. Air resistance (drag) forces the engine to work harder, thereby consuming more fuel.
Recycled energy: Certain vehicles are equipped with regenerative braking systems where, instead of the kinetic energy being wasted as thermal energy when braking, it is transformed into another form (usually electricity) that can be stored and used later.
Tyre pressure optimisation: Proactive managing of tyre pressure can significantly enhance efficiency. Under-inflated tyres can increase resistance against movement, causing the engine to work harder, thereby consuming more fuel.
Hybrid vehicles: Cars with a hybrid engine use both an electric motor and a conventional engine. These vehicles automatically switch between the engines according to the driving conditions, thereby optimising energy usage.
Electric vehicles (EVs): EVs produce no exhaust emissions and their engines are often more efficient than traditional internal combustion engines.
Weight reduction: Lighter vehicles require less energy to move. Advanced materials such as lightweight metals or carbon fibre can be used to decrease vehicle weight, thereby improving energy efficiency.
Eco-driving: Certain driving techniques, such as avoiding hard acceleration or braking, and maintaining a steady speed, can significantly improve fuel efficiency. Idling should also be avoided, as this wastes fuel without any movement.
Energy efficiency grades: Some countries grade vehicles based on their fuel efficiency, allowing consumers to choose a vehicle that suits their needs while contributing to energy conservation.
Engine efficiency: Modern high-efficiency engines utilise technologies like direct fuel injection and turbocharging to improve fuel efficiency. Also, maintaining the vehicle regularly contributes to engine efficiency.
Use of renewable energy: Vehicles can be powered by alternative, renewable energy sources such as biofuel, hydrogen, or electricity generated from renewable sources. This allows for a reduction in pollution and the promotion of sustainable energy consumption.