Social determinants of health and well-being

Understanding Social Determinants of Health and Well-being

Effects of Social Background

• Social background can greatly impact health and well-being. Individuals from a lower socio-economic background are more likely to experience poor health and a reduced life expectancy.

• Education is a significant social determinant. Higher levels of education are associated with better health, as they tend to have better knowledge of healthy behaviours, greater job security and better living conditions.

Influences of Environment

• The environment we live in can have a significant impact on health and wellbeing. Living in a safe, clean environment provides better opportunities for physical activity and healthy eating.

• Access to quality healthcare services is vital. Those living in rural or poorer areas might have less access to good quality healthcare, impacting their health.

Lifestyle Factors

• Lifestyle factors including diet, physical activity, and smoking also affect health and well-being. These are often influenced by the individual’s social network and cultural practices.

• High levels of stress, often associated with work, poverty or trauma, have a negative impact on both physical and mental well-being.

Employment and Working Conditions

• Employment is a major social determinant. Work provides income and, for many, a sense of identity and purpose. Unemployment is linked with increased physical and mental health problems.

• Not only employment status but also working conditions matter. Stressful, unsafe or unsatisfactory work can lead to physical and mental health issues, while fulfilling and safe work contributes greatly to wellbeing.

Social Support and Relationships

• Supportive social relationships can contribute greatly to one’s feeling of well-being. They provide emotional support, a sense of belonging, and can help a person deal with life’s challenges.

• Social isolation or exclusion can adversely affect well-being, leading to increased levels of stress, depression, and can lead to physical health issues.

These social determinants of health and well-being illustrate how society and the conditions it presents can shape an individual’s health outcomes. Understanding and addressing these factors are essential steps in improving overall health and reducing health disparities.