Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates: Overview

• Carbohydrates are a group of organic compounds that are broken down into either simple sugars or complex molecules.
• They are a major source of energy for the human body.
• They can be classified into simple and complex carbohydrates, also known as sugars and starches respectively.

Simple Carbohydrates

• Simple carbohydrates or sugars mainly include fructose (fruit sugar), glucose (blood sugar), and sucrose (table sugar).
• They give the body instant energy but should be consumed in moderation as they can cause a spike in blood sugar levels.
• Foods high in simple carbohydrates include fruits, milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages.

Complex Carbohydrates

• Complex carbohydrates or starches are made up of many sugar units bonded together which the body digests slower, providing a steady stream of energy.
• They are usually high in vitamins, minerals, and fibre.
• Example sources include whole grains, vegetables, and legumes.

Functions of Carbohydrates

• The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for the body, especially the brain and nervous system.
• They also play a critical role in digestion and waste elimination as dietary fibre, a form of complex carbohydrates, aids in maintaining bowel regularity.
• Carbohydrates help in regulating the amount of sugar circulated in your bloodstream so that all your cells have the energy they need.

Misconceptions about Carbohydrates

• Contrary to popular belief, not all carbs are bad. It’s important to differentiate between simple, refined carbohydrates and complex, unrefined ones.
• While overconsumption of refined carbohydrates can contribute to weight gain and other health issues, complex carbs should form a valuable part of a balanced diet due to their nutritional benefits.
• Incorporating the right kind of carbohydrates into your meals can contribute to a healthy diet, as part of the recommended Eatwell Plate.