The Definition of Macronutrients and Micronutrients

Macronutrients

Macronutrients are the nutrients that our bodies need in large amounts to function properly. These are called ‘macro’ because we need them in ‘big’ or ‘large’ quantities.
The three main classes of macronutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Carbohydrates are the body’s main energy source. They should form around 50% of your daily calorie intake. These can be further broken down into simple (sugars) and complex (starches and fibers) carbohydrates.
Proteins contribute to the growth, repair and maintenance of body tissues. It also serves as a secondary energy source. Protein makes up about 15% of a person’s body weight.
Fats are crucial for managing inflammation and maintaining the health of our cells. They serve as a concentrated energy source and help absorb some types of vitamins. Although fats are essential, they should be consumed in moderation.
Alcohol is sometimes considered a fourth macronutrient because it provides calories. However, it’s not usually classified as a macronutrient because it’s not needed for survival and growth.

Micronutrients, as the name suggests, are nutrients that our bodies only need in small amounts, but are essential for good health and development.
These are comprised of vitamins and minerals.
Vitamins are organic substances made by plants or animals, and they can be broken down by heat, acid, or air. They are further classified into water-soluble (B and C) and fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) vitamins.
Minerals are inorganic elements that come from soil and water and cannot be broken down. They’re essential for various body functions, such as maintaining strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. They include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chloride, magnesium, iron, zinc, iodine, chromium, copper, fluoride, molybdenum, and selenium.
Both vitamins and minerals help support the immune system, aid growth and development, and help cells and organs function.