Writer’s Techniques

Symbolism

Charlotte Brontë makes extensive use of symbolism to highlight key themes and character developments.
Thornfield Hall, where Jane gains independence, represents the confines of societal norms.
The madwoman in the attic, Bertha Mason, symbolises the oppressed and passionate side of Jane and women in general.
The flaming red-room in Gateshead, where Jane is imprisoned, symbolises Jane’s rebellion against injustice.
Jane’s frequent drawings are used as a symbolic expression of her inner emotions.

Setting and Atmosphere

Brontë effectively uses setting and atmosphere to communicate the mood of the story and the emotions of characters.
The austere and cold Lowood School reflects the harshness of Jane’s early life.
Thornfield Hall’s gothic and mysterious atmosphere reflects the complex and hidden aspects of Rochester’s past.
The wild and expansive Moors surrounding Marsh End symbolise freedom and represent Jane’s liberation and self-discovery.

Foreshadowing

Brontë uses foreshadowing to hint at future events and create suspense.
Jane’s initial description of Thornfield Hall as eerie foreshadows the hidden secrets Rochester has.
The violent reaction of Rochester’s dog Pilot signals the approach of a crisis before it actually unfolds.
Bertha’s savage attack on Richard Mason foreshadows her later lash out at Rochester and herself.

Imagery and Metaphors

Brontë’s use of vivid imagery and metaphors plays a crucial role in creating fascinating imagery and expressing themes.
The frequent use of fire and ice imagery embodies the novel’s themes of passion and repression.
Jane and Rochester’s relationship is often described using nature metaphors to suggest its depth and intensity.
Jane is likened to a bird on numerous occasions to symbolise her quest for freedom.
Brontë uses weather as a metaphor to reflect Jane’s mental and emotional state.

Characterisation

Brontë’s characterisation effectively portrays complex personalities and relationships.
Jane’s first-person narration reveals her thoughts and perspectives, facilitating a deep understanding of her character.
The contrasting characters of Jane and Bertha, Helen and Eliza reflect the themes of passion and reason.
The transformations of characters such as Jane and Rochester are used to symbolise personal growth and redemption.
Supporting characters like Helen Burns and St. John Rivers exemplify different life philosophies, subtly influencing Jane’s journey and choices.

In revising Jane Eyre, understanding and analysing these techniques and how they contribute to the overall narrative, its themes and characterization will help to deepen your appreciation of the novel and enhance your understanding of Brontë’s writing style.