Functions of Nutrients in the Human Body

Understanding the Functions of Nutrients in the Human Body

  • Familiarise yourself with the fundamental concept of nutrients, substances required by the body for growth, maintenance and repair.
  • Identify the six major classes of nutrients essential to the human body: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
  • Understand that each nutrient type plays crucial roles in body functions and overall health.

Functions of Carbohydrates

  • Know that carbohydrates are typically the body’s primary source of energy.
  • Understand that they are used instantly for immediate fuel as glucose, stored as glycogen in muscles and the liver for future use, or converted into fat.

Functions of Proteins

  • Recognise that proteins are foundational components of body tissue including muscle, skin, hair, and nails.
  • Know that proteins are essential for cell growth, repair, and maintenance.
  • Understand that proteins are critical for the production of enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and neurotransmitters.

Functions of Fats

  • Identify that fats are energy-dense nutrients that offer the highest concentration of energy among all the nutrients.
  • Learn that fats form a protective cushion around vital organs, assist in maintaining body temperature and aid in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
  • Remember that certain fat types, such as omega-3, are essential for heart health and brain function.

Functions of Vitamins and Minerals

  • Recognise that vitamins and minerals are needed in smaller quantities but are essential for various bodily processes.
  • Know that they regulate cell function, aid in tissue growth, support the immune system, and help convert food into energy.
  • Be aware that some, like vitamin D and calcium, work together for optimum absorption and function.

Functions of Water

  • Understand that water is essential in every bodily function.
  • Be mindful that water aids in digestion, nutrient absorption, temperature regulation, and waste removal.
  • Remember that water helps to maintain the balance of bodily fluids, including blood, saliva, and tears.

Importance of Nutrients in the Hospitality and Catering Sector

  • Grasp the responsibility of the hospitality and catering sector in preparing and serving food rich in essential nutrients.
  • Understand the significance of a varied menu to meet a wide range of dietary needs and preferences.
  • Recognise the need for clear food labelling for transparency about nutritional content, allergens and ingredients.
  • Comprehend the role of ongoing staff training in nutrition and dietary requirements to provide informed advice to customers.