Using the Math Class

Understanding the Math Class

Math class in Java is a built-in class and is part of java.lang package.
It provides various mathematical functionalities through methods and constants.
It’s a ‘non-instantiable’ class, meaning we cannot create an object of this class using the ‘new’ keyword.
We can directly use its methods and variables by calling them through the class name itself, similar to the concept of static methods.

Math class has two important constants: Math.E for the base of natural logarithms and Math.PI for the mathematical value pi.

Math.abs(): This method returns the absolute value of the given argument. If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
Math.sqrt(): Returns the square root of a specified number.
Math.pow(a, b): This method is used to find the power of a base number. It takes two arguments. The first one is the base and the second one is the exponent.
Math.max(a, b) and Math.min(a, b): These methods return the maximum and minimum of two numbers respectively.
Math.round(): This method rounds a decimal number to the nearest whole number.
Math.random(): This method returns a double value with a positive sign, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0.

While using the methods of Math class, always call it with the class name, for example, Math.sqrt(25) would return 5.0.
Since Math class methods accept and return double type values, be careful while handling inputs and outputs especially when dealing with integer values.
You can use the Math class for simple tasks like rounding numbers or complex ones like calculating trigonometric functions.

The Math class is an important part of Java, helping us to perform several mathematical operations without needing to write the functions from scratch. It’s crucial for programming scenarios where mathematical calculations are required.