Classification

Classification refers to the systematic arrangement of living organisms into categories based on their shared characteristics. These categories, from broadest to narrowest, are: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
The highest level of classification is Domain, which is divided into three groups: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
The most specific level of classification is Species. Members of the same species can breed and produce fertile offspring.
The system of classification was developed by Carl Linnaeus, and is sometimes referred to as the Linnaean system.
Classification can help in the identification of organisms, the study of evolution and the development of strategies for biodiversity conservation.

Binomial Nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature is a formal system of naming species. It uses Latin or Greek words.
The name always has two parts: the genus name (with a capital letter) and the species name (all in lower case). For example, humans are Homo sapiens.
The binomial name is always underlined when handwritten or italicised when typed.

Evolutionary Trees

Evolutionary trees, also known as phylogenetic trees, are diagrams that represent the evolutionary relationships among different biological species based on their genetic characteristics.
These trees can show who is related to whom and also the degree of their relation.
Branches on an evolutionary tree denote a population through time. Any fork or splitting point represents a point of divergence, where an ancestral group broke into two or more descendant groups.
These trees play a crucial role in understanding the degree of relatedness among organisms and hence aids in their classification.

Remember, understanding the principle of classification and how evolutionary trees work can help in understanding the deep connection all organisms share, even though they might look different. Utilise this to explore relationships between different species.