Decomposition

Decomposition

Understanding Decomposition

• Decomposition is the natural process of dead organic matter being broken down into simpler substances by organisms known as decomposers.
• These simpler substances are further used by different organisms in the ecosystem, making decomposition an integral part of the nutrient cycle.
• Decomposition plays a crucial role in nutrient recycling, returning the various nutrients locked in the organic matter back into the environment.

Decomposers

• Decomposers are often microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi, though many invertebrates, such as worms, also contribute.
• These Decomposers feed upon dead organic material - dead plants and animals, faeces, and the dead remains of other decomposers.
• Through the process of decomposition, these organisms obtain energy, and in doing so, they break down complex organic substances into simpler inorganic substances.

Decomposition Process

• Decomposition occurs in stages, starting with the break down of complex organic compounds into simple carbon compounds through the action of decomposers.
• Following this, the carbon compounds are then broken down further into carbon dioxide through a process known as mineralisation.
• Finally, the carbon dioxide is reused by primary producers (plants) during photosynthesis.

Impacts of Decomposition

• Decomposition helps maintain the ecological balance. Without the process, dead organic waste would accumulate, potentially inhibiting life.
• The nutrients released from decaying matter enrich the soil, promoting plant growth.
• Through decomposition, carbon is recycled back into the ecosystem, contributing to the global carbon cycle.