1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th declension nouns

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th declension nouns

1st Declension Nouns

• Nouns in the 1st declension are usually feminine, though a few masculine exceptions exist.
• They typically end in ‘-a’ in their nominative singular form.
• The genitive singular form ends in ‘ae’.
• These nouns typically refer to women, professions, or ideas.

2nd Declension Nouns

• 2nd declension nouns can be masculine or neuter.
• Masculine nouns often end with ‘-us’ (some end in ‘-er’) in the nominative singular form, while neuter nouns generally end in ‘-um’.
• Both masculine and neuter 2nd declension nouns have a genitive singular form that ends in ‘-i’.
• Includes people, places, things, and concepts.

3rd Declension Nouns

• This declension includes masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns.
• 3rd declension nouns have a variety of endings in the nominative singular form, making them harder to recognise.
• The genitive singular form ends in ‘-is’.
• It includes adjectives and nouns describing concepts and things.

4th Declension Nouns

• Most 4th declension nouns are masculine, with a few exceptions that are neuter.
• The nominative singular form usually ends in ‘-us’ and the neuters end in ‘-u’.
• Genitive singular form ends in ‘-us’ for both masculine and neuter.
• Most of these nouns denote states and actions.

5th Declension Nouns

• Nouns of this declension are almost all feminine.
• The nominative singular form typically ends with an ‘-es’, and the genitive singular form ends with ‘-ei’.
• Used for words describing states, actions, diseases, and qualities.