Factors Affecting the Strenght of an Electromagnet

Basics of Electromagnets

An electromagnet is a type of magnet where the magnetic field is produced by an electric current.
Its core is usually a metallic iron or steel, which acts as the medium for the magnetic field lines.

Current: The more electricity or current flows through the wire of the electromagnet, the stronger the magnetic field produced.
Number of Turns/Coils: More turns or loops of the wound wire around the core means a stronger magnetic field, as each loop contributes to the total magnetic field.
The core: Soft iron is often used as it becomes easily magnetised and demagnetised. Using a core that becomes magnetised, like iron, increases the overall strength of the electromagnet.

Altering the electric current: By increasing or decreasing the amount of electric current, the strength of the electromagnet can be adjusted. More current will yield a stronger electromagnetic field.
Manipulating the number of coils: Adding more turns or coils of wire on the electromagnet will increase its magnetic field.
Changing the core: Using different materials as core can affect the power of the electromagnet. A soft iron core tends to provide the highest increase in magnetic field strength.

Electromagnets are widely used in day-to-day devices such as loudspeakers, magnetic locks, MRI machines, and even hard drives.
In many industrial processes, large electromagnets are used for lifting heavy iron or steel objects.
In the field of electronics, electromagnets are used in relays and circuit breakers for controlling the flow of electricity.