Decision making in geography

The Decision Making Process in Geography

Geography is a discipline that requires problem-solving skills and the use of decision-making strategies.
Decision-making in geography often involves the systematic evaluation of disparate factors.
It enables individuals to deduce appropriate choices based on the information available.
Choices made impact both the physical world and the societal constructs.

The Steps in Geographic Decision Making

Identify the Problem: The initial stage requires recognizing and specifying the problem. This include geographical problems such as climate change, urban development, or preservation of natural resources.
Collect Information: This step involves gathering all possible data related to the issue. Information collection may involve primary research, secondary data, maps, satellite images, or survey reports.
Identify Alternatives: Based on the information collected, possible solutions or alternatives are proposed. These could be different approaches to solve the problem.
Evaluate Alternatives: Each option is examined in detail. The consequences, pros, cons, and feasibility of each choice are measured.
Make a Decision: Based on the analysis, the best alternative is selected. This decision should ideally solve the problem while balancing environmental conservation and human needs.
Implement the Decision: This involves taking action based on the decision made. The method of implementation can vary greatly depending upon the decision taken.

Importance of Spatial, Economic and Environmental Considerations

In geographic decision making, spatial considerations involve the understanding of geographical space, location, and place in the decision-making process.
Economic considerations involve analysis of aspects such as resource allocation, cost efficiency, and economic impact of potential decisions.
Environmental considerations pertain to the preservation and impact on the natural environment.

Decision-Making Models

Different models can aid in decision-making such as Cost-Benefit Analysis, which measures the positive and negative outcomes of a decision.
The Rational Model assumes decision-makers are logical and will choose the most advantageous option.
Heuristic models suggest that decision-makers use mental shortcuts or ‘rules of thumb’ to simplify the decision-making process.

Strategic Decision Making

These decisions are focused on long-term goals, like planning for sustainable cities or mitigating natural disaster impact.
Strategic decision making in geography takes into account aspects such as sustainability, risks, uncertainty, and adaptability.

Ethics in Geographic Decision Making

Ethical considerations involve understanding and considering the moral implications of a decision.
It aims to balance the needs of people and nature, and to ensure that actions are fair and just.