Automation

Automation in music production refers to the process of programming changes to various parameters in a mix.
It is typically used in digital audio workstations (DAWs), allowing engineers to create dynamic changes over time.
Can influence volume levels, pan positions, send levels, or plugin parameters.

Purpose and Use

Automation can be used to bring life to a mix, subtly changing aspects of the mix over time.
It is often used to manage the levels of different tracks throughout a song. For instance, you could automate a vocal track to be louder during the chorus.
It’s also used to create creative effects, like a sweep of reverb or a dramatic change in pitch.
Automation can help to really polish a mix or to create dynamic and interesting effects.

Types of Automation

There are various types of automation modes available in most DAWs, including read, touch, latch, and write.
Read mode plays back all programmed automation and does not allow changes during playback.
Touch mode allows real-time adjustments during playback, but returns to previous settings when the operation is finished.
Latch mode also allows real-time changes, but retains the new settings after the operation.
Write mode allows real-time changes and permanently overwrites all previous settings.

Automated Mix Parameters

Producers use automation to change many mix parameters including volume, pan, EQ frequencies, and effects.
Volume automation allows control over the loudness of each individual track, ensuring vocal and instrumental balance.
Pan automation helps in positioning sound sources in stereo field over time.
EQ automation can vary the tone of instruments allowing them to take on different characters during different sections of a recording.
Automation of effects like reverb, delay, or distortion can create spatial dimension and tonal color, and draw attention to key musical moments.

The practical application of automation in music production can greatly enhance the sound of a recording, making it vibrant and dynamic. It is a powerful tool and consequently a vital component in modern music production.