Representations of Data
Representations of Data
Fundamental Data Types
-
Primitive Data Types: These are predefined types of data, which include
int
,double
,float
,char
, andboolean
. -
Composite Data Types: Also known as non-primitive types, examples include
class
,interface
, andarray
.
Variables
-
Declaration: Variables must be declared before being used in the application. A variable declaration tells the compiler the data type and the variable’s name.
-
Initialization: Refers to assigning a value to a variable.
-
Scope of Variables: This defines where a variable can be accessed. Variables can have
global scope
orlocal scope
.
Arrays
-
One-dimensional Array: This is a list of a fixed number of elements of the same type. The elements in an array are stored in contiguous memory locations.
-
Two-dimensional Array: This represents a table with rows and columns. The intersection of a row and a column holds one element.
-
Multi-dimensional Array: Arrays with more than two dimensions.
Unicode and ASCII
-
ASCII: ASCII code represents English characters as numbers, each of which corresponds to an English character.
-
Unicode: It is an international encoding standard representing almost all characters used in written languages, allowing for the use of special characters, symbols, and other alphabets.
Representing Data in Binary
-
Integer Representation: Positive and negative integers can be represented, stored, and processed in binary format.
-
Floating-Point Representation: This represents numbers with fractional parts, utilising two parts: the
significand
and theexponent
.
Relying on these fundamental types and understanding how data is represented inside a system forms a crucial aspect of the object-oriented development module.