Common Chemical Apparatus

Basic Laboratory Glassware and Their Uses

Beakers: These are used for stirring, mixing, and heating chemicals. They are cylindrical and have a flat bottom.
Test Tubes: Used primarily for heating or boiling small amounts of liquids or solids, often used in qualitative observational experiments.
Watch Glasses: Used as a surface for evaporating a liquid, to hold solids while being weighed, or as a cover for a beaker.

Measuring Instruments and Their Uses

Graduated Cylinder: Used for measuring the volume of liquids. They come in various sizes and more accurate than beakers or test tubes.
Burette: Designed for precision measurements of liquid volumes. Essential kit for titration experiments.
Pipette: Counted on for transferring certain volume of liquids reliably and precisely.
Volumetric Flask: Used to prepare precise standard solutions.

Heating Apparatus and Their Uses

Bunsen Burner: Commonly used for flame tests, heatings and combustion. Operates on gas and provides controllable flame.
Hot Plate: Electronic alternative to a Bunsen burner, used for heating solutions in a beaker or flask.
Heating Mantle: Specifically designed for heating round-bottom flask.

Specific Chemical Apparatus and Their Uses

Condenser Tube: Used in distillation processes, it cools hot gases into liquids.
Crucible: Used for heating certain solids, particularly metals, to very high temperatures.
Funnel: Aids the transfer of liquids from one vessel to other, also used for filtration with filter paper.

Remember, proper and safe use of these chemical apparatus is crucial in carrying out experiments effectively. Always clean the apparatus after using, and handle them carefully to avoid breakages or accidents. It’s also worth noting, that while many are general-use, some apparatus are designed for specific tasks in the lab.