General Practical Techniques

Quantitative chemistry involves making precise measurements and observations, using these to calculate unknown quantities.
Moles: Understand the concept of moles and the molar mass, which is the mass of one mole of a given substance.
Avogadro’s number: Remember the number of particles in one mole of a substance, noted as 6.02 x 10^23, which is also referred to as Avogadro’s number.

Titration: Learn the technique of titration where you add a solution from a burette to a known volume of another solution in a conical flask until the reaction is complete.
Balancing equations: Develop the ability to balance chemical equations, which can be used to predict the outcomes of reactions and to calculate reactant and product masses.

Spectrometry: It’s an analytical technique key for identifying and studying chemicals. Possible types include mass, infrared and UV/visible spectrometry.
Chromatography: Understand how to separate mixtures and identify substances through chromatography, which uses the principles of solubility and intermolecular forces.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy: An advanced technique used to obtain detailed information about the structure of molecules.

Always evaluate the reliability, precision and accuracy of quantitative experimental methods by considering any possible sources of error.
Use appropriate terms and conventions to communicate chemical information and data effectively: this includes chemical symbols, equations, diagrams, graphs and tables.