Dangers of Ionising Radiation

Understanding Ionising Radiation:

Ionising radiation refers to any type of energy that is powerful enough to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, thus creating ions.
This radiation comes from radioactive materials and x-rays, amongst other sources.

Exposure to ionising radiation can cause cell damage, including damage to DNA, potentially leading to genetic mutations and cancer.
High levels of radiation can cause radiation sickness, which is characterised by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache, and fatigue.
Extremely high exposures to ionising radiation, like those from a nuclear bomb or reactor accident, can cause immediate harm or death.
Chronic exposure, or long-term, low-level exposure to radiation, can increase the risk of cancers and other illnesses over time.

It’s essential to use protective clothing and equipment when working with, or in the vicinity of, ionising radiation. This might include lead aprons, lead gloves, or full-body suits.
Time, distance, and shielding are principles that help minimise exposure to radiation. Limit the amount of time spent near sources of radiation, keep as far away from them as possible, and use shielding materials to block radiation.
For radioactive substances that are ingested or inhaled, it may also be possible to use blocking agents that prevent these substances from being absorbed by the body, or treatments like chelation therapy to remove them.
It’s important to remember the principle of ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable), which requires the risks from radiation to be reduced to the lowest level that is reasonably achievable.

Professionals dealing with ionising radiation must follow strict safety protocols as outlined by regulatory bodies.
They must use instruments to monitor the levels of radiation and take steps to minimise exposure.
The handling and disposal of radioactive waste must also be carried out carefully to avoid contamination and unnecessary exposure.
It is crucial to have contingency plans to deal with incidents involving radioactive materials to protect the public and the environment.