CAD techniques and software (2D and 3D)

Understanding CAD Techniques

CAD refers to Computer Aided Design, a process that takes advantage of computer technology for the process of design and design-documentation.
Mainly used by engineers, architects, artists and other professionals, it assists in creating precision drawings or technical illustrations.
The basis for any 2D or 3D design using CAD starts with understanding of Geometric shapes.
CAD enables the transformation of these simple shapes into complex designs by use of extruding, changing the thickness and other features.
CAD uses geometric formulas to create shapes which are difficult to render by hand. They can then be manipulated, rotated, or moved within the CAD software.

2D CAD Software

Traditional 2D software, like AutoCAD, can be used to create flat vector-based designs and blueprints.
2D CAD software produces only two-dimensional, flat images that are comprised of lines, curves, angles and shapes.
Learning and using these 2D systems is often the foundation toward understanding 3D CAD.

Transition to 3D CAD Software

Transition to 3D design involves use of 3D modelling techniques like wire-frame models, surface models, and solid models.
Wire-frame models represent the structure of a 3D object, using lines and arcs for edges and circles for the endpoints.
Surface models represent the surface, and not the volume, of an object. They represent the outer shell that encloses an object.
Solid models are the most realistic, representing a solid object with volume.

3D CAD Software

3D CAD software, like SolidWorks and Fusion 360, use features like extrude, revolve, loft and sweep to create 3D designs.
It allows a user to rotate the model to view it from any angle and even see an inside view.
3D CAD enables production of a physical model using 3D printers or CNC machines.

Real World Applications of CAD

CAD is used in the engineering industry to design and manufacture products.
It’s used in the animation and graphic design industries to create 3D graphics for movies and video games.
CAD software can be used by architects for preparation of blueprints for buildings and city infrastructure.
It’s also used by scientists in synthesizing complex data for in-depth analysis and visualisation.