Machining processes

Machining processes

Machining Basics

• Machining is a subtractive manufacturing technique where raw material is cut, shaped, or finished into a final product.
• Different machining methods are chosen based on required precision, cost, number of parts to be produced, and type of material to be processed.

Types of Machining Processes

Turning Process

• Involves spinning the workpiece while a fixed cutting tool is applied, removing material.
• Used for creating round or tubular shapes.
• Lathe machines: Most common tool for turning, creates precision parts.

Milling Process

• Rotates a cutting tool against a fixed workpiece.
• Works by chip formation and displacement.
• Capable of producing intricate parts including irregulary-shaped objects.

Drilling Process

• Involves creating or finishing holes in a workpiece.
• Drill bits rotate and penetrate the surface of the workpiece.
• Commonly used in conjunction with other machining processes.

Grinding Process

• Utilised to finish workpieces and provide high-quality surface finish and detail.
• Operates by using an abrasive wheel as the cutting tool.
• Types include surface grinding, cylindrical grinding, and centerless grinding.

Tools and Equipment

CNC Machines

• CNC or Computer Numerical Control machines control exact velocity and positioning.
• Drastically reduce the chance of human error and offer high precision.
• Able to work with a range of materials including metal, plastic, and wood.

Safety in Machining

• It’s critical to understand and follow health and safety guidelines in any machining environment.
• Involves wearing protective gear, keeping a clean work area, and proper handling and storage of tools.
• Knowledge of emergency procedures, including machine shutdown, is key.

Waste and Recycling

• Machining processes often produce metal chips or swarf.
• This waste can be hazardous and needs to be properly managed.
• Many types of metal waste generated from machining processes can be recycled.