Routing

Routing

What is Routing?

• Routing is the process by which data packets are directed on networks from their source towards their destination.
• A router is a networking device that directs these data packets along networks.

How does Routing work?

• A routing table, a database in the router, contains information on which way to direct the packets.
• Routing uses protocols, such as RIP (Routing Information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol), to figure out the most efficient path for data transmission.

Static vs Dynamic Routing

• Static routing is a type of routing where the path is manually configured and does not change unless manually updated.
• Dynamic routing can adjust routes according to conditions on the network like traffic load or hardware failure.

Unicast, Multicast and Broadcast

• Unicast is a one-to-one method of routing where a single destination is defined.
• Multicast is a one-to-many or many-to-many distribution method where delivery of information is to a group of destinations simultaneously.
• Broadcast is a method where data is sent to all machines in a network simultaneously.

Features of Router and Routing

• Routers and routing play a crucial role in making sure data is delivered effectively and efficiently to the correct destination.
• They help reduce network traffic by keeping information flow contained within single network segments.
• They provide security measures, preventing unauthorized access to the network by using firewalls and network address translation.

Importance of Routing

• Ensures efficient use of network resources by selecting the best possible path for data transmission.
• Helps connect different networks, enabling communication between them.
• Boosts network performance by dividing the network into smaller, manageable parts - reducing network congestion.