Using Error Detection in a Closed-Loop System

A closed-loop system is a type of system where the control action is dependent on the output.
In these systems, a feedback loop is used to control the system’s operation and bring it to a desired state or setpoint.
Error detection is an integral part of a closed-loop system. It’s a mechanism used to identify when the system isn’t operating as expected.

How Error Detection Works

The error detection process begins when a sensor or detector in the system monitors the output.
The detected output is compared to the desired output or setpoint, and the deviation is known as the error.
The error signal is then fed back to the system’s controller or regulator.
The controller uses this error signal to adjust the system and bring the operation back to the setpoint.

An everyday example of a closed-loop system with error detection is a central heating system. The system senses when the room temperature deviates from the set temperature (setpoint). If an error is detected, the system turns the heating on or off to adjust the room temperature back to the setpoint.
An industrial example could be a speed control system of a motor, where the system continuously checks if the motor operates at the required speed (setpoint). If it doesn’t, the control system adjusts the speed considering the detected error.

Error detection is crucial in maintaining the smooth operation of a system. It allows the system to self-correct in real time and stay within a predefined operating range.
In a closed-loop system, without error detection, it would be impossible to know when a system has deviated from its desired operation. This could lead to system failures, potentially causing harm or damage.
A clear understanding of error detection mechanisms can significantly improve the planning, design, and troubleshooting of engineering systems.