Pest and predator control – Level 3 Countryside Management BTEC Revision

Understanding Pest and Predator Control

Pest and predator control is a key component of game and wildlife management, essential for protecting game species and agricultural crops.
The goal is to manage populations of pests and predators, not necessarily to eradicate them, as they play vital roles in ecosystems, but to control their impacts.
Examples of pests and predators in the UK include foxes, crows, rats, weasels, mink, and certain bird species like pigeons and gulls.

Trapping: Various types of traps can be used, including cage traps, spring traps, and others. Legal requirements must be followed regarding size, type, and placement of traps.
Shooting: Often used for larger predators like foxes, deer or rabbits. Requires a firearm certificate and proficient marksmanship to ensure humane dispatch.
Poisoning: Certain pests can be controlled using poison baits, but it is very tightly regulated to prevent non-target species from being affected.
Bird of prey: Falcons, hawks or owls can be used to deter or control certain bird pests.
Fencing and barriers: Can be used to physically exclude pests or predators from specific areas.
Note that each method has its advantages and disadvantages and may be more suitable for certain pests or situations.

The use of many pest and predator control methods is controlled by legislation, such as the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, Pests Act 1954, and the Spring Traps Approval Order 2012.
The Animal Welfare Act 2006 also applies, requiring that any control methods used do not cause unnecessary suffering.
Any pest control activity must be carried out humanely and ethically. It’s crucial to choose the most appropriate method and apply it correctly and safely.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a strategic approach combining multiple control methods to manage pests effectively, while minimising harm to the environment and non-target species.
IPM includes four key steps: monitoring, threshold setting, control, and evaluation.
Control measures in an IPM plan may include a mix of biological control, physical barriers, trapping, shooting, or the use of pesticides, tailored to the specific scenario.

Anyone involved in pest and predator control must be adequately trained and competent to carry out the activity effectively and ethically.
Training can be obtained through a variety of sources, including local wildlife trusts, agricultural colleges, or pest control organisations.
Regular professional development and updates are advised to keep knowledge and skills up to date.

If carried out correctly, it can help to maintain biodiversity by preventing overpopulation of certain species, and promote the survival of threatened species.
However, it can also pose risks to non-target species, human health, and the environment if done improperly. It’s essential to adopt a balanced approach, taking into account the wider ecological implications.
Conservation goals and pest control efforts should complement each other to benefit overall ecosystem health.