Encryption

Understanding Encryption

  • Encryption is a process used to ensure confidentiality and integrity of data by transforming plaintext information into unreadable ciphertext.
  • It uses predefined algorithms or ciphers and keys to convert data and make it secure from unauthorised access.

Types of Encryption

  • Two main types of encryption exist: Symmetric Encryption and Asymmetric Encryption.
  • Symmetric Encryption uses the same key for both the encryption and decryption process.
  • Asymmetric Encryption, also known as Public Key Encryption, uses two different keys - a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption.

Encryption Algorithms and Ciphers

  • There are many encryption algorithms and ciphers, including DES, AES, RSA, and Blowfish.
  • DES (Data Encryption Standard) is an older symmetric encryption method which is considered to be less secure than newer methods.
  • AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a symmetric encryption that is widely used due to its high level of security.
  • RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) is an example of an asymmetric encryption algorithm.

Importance of Key Length

  • The length of the encryption key determines the possible combinations required to crack the encryption. The longer the key, the more secure the encryption.
  • However, longer keys also require more processing power to encrypt and decrypt the data.

Encryption in Network Security

  • SSL/TLS encryption is used to secure website traffic and protect sensitive transactions online.
  • VPN (Virtual Private Network) uses encryption to create a secure connection over a less secure network, like the internet.

Impacts of Encryption on Performance and Storage

  • Encryption typically adds overhead to the data, leading to an increase in storage requirements.
  • Additionally, the encryption and decryption process can reduce system performance due to increased processing requirements.

Significance of Encryption in Computing

  • Understanding and correctly implementing encryption is vital for maintaining data privacy and security in many areas of computing, such as cybersecurity, database management, and web development.
  • Working with encryption requires a firm grasp of mathematics and computer science concepts, as it underpins topics like algorithm design and network security.