Use of Apparatus and Techniques

Use of Apparatus and Techniques

Use of Geological Apparatus and Techniques

Geological Sampling and Exploration Tools

  • Familiarise yourself with various geological tools such as rock hammers, chisels, hand lenses, and clinometers.
  • Learn to safely use a rock hammer to extract rock samples and a chisel to split or shape them.
  • Use a hand lens to inspect fine details of rocks, minerals, and fossils.
  • Master the use of a clinometer to measure angles of slope, height of objects and to create topographic profiles.

Geological Laboratory Techniques

  • Gain proficiency in the use of a petrographic microscope, a key tool for observing the properties of rock or mineral samples.
  • Understand how to carry out thin section analyses of rocks and minerals using a petrographic microscope, noting colour, cleavage, crystal form and other mineral characteristics.
  • Learn about paleontological laboratory techniques such as cleaning, preparing, and curating fossil samples.
  • Become proficient in the use of geological software to visualise and analyse geological data, such as GIS applications.

Geological Fieldwork Techniques

  • Learn to take stratigraphic measurements and logs, a key aspect of geological field mapping.
  • Develop a systematic approach to making observations in the field, including accurately measuring and recording strike and dip of rock beds.
  • Become proficient with the use of a compass clinometer to measure orientations of rock strata, joints, and folds in the field.
  • Practice techniques for recording field notes, such as precise sketching, measuring, and photographic recording of outcrops or features.

Handling Geological Specimens

  • Develop correct techniques for handling, storing, and caring for geological specimens.
  • Understand the ethical considerations and legalities of the collection and treatment of geological specimens.
  • Learn how to create a cataloguing system for geological specimens, including fossils, rock, and mineral samples.
  • Practice labelling and databasing specimens in the field and in the lab to ensure accurate tracking and future reference.

Safety Principles in Geology

  • Understand the key health and safety protocols required during field work and laboratory work.
  • Practice correct first aid procedures that are valuable for geological fieldwork, such as treatment for heat stroke, dehydration, or cuts from sharp rocks.
  • Learn how to assess potential risks and hazards in the field and in the lab, and how to apply measures to control them.
  • Understand the principles of minimal impact and responsible conduct in relation to the environment and the geology of a field area.