Rotation and Revolution Periods of the Moon

The Moon rotates on its axis, just like the Earth does.
It takes 27.3 days for the Moon to complete one rotation - this is known as a sidereal day.
However, from our perspective on Earth, it appears to take longer - about 29.5 days for the Moon to return to the same position in the sky. This is known as a synodic day or a lunar month.
This discrepancy occurs because the Earth also moves along its orbit around the Sun during the time it takes for the Moon to complete one rotation.
Because the Moon rotates at the same rate that it revolves around the Earth, we always see the same side – called the near side.
We only see about 59% of the Moon’s surface due to libration.

The Moon’s orbit around the Earth is slightly elliptical, not perfectly circular.
This causes the distance between Earth and the Moon to change as it revolves around Earth, which in turn affects the apparent size of the Moon.
The average distance from the Earth to the Moon is about 384,400 km.
The Moon travels around Earth at an average speed of 1.022 km/s.
The time it takes for the Moon to complete one full orbit around Earth is known as its period of revolution, it lasts 27.3 days on average.
The phenomenon wherein the Moon’s orbital speed varies depending on its position in its orbit is known as Kepler’s Second Law. The Moon moves most slowly at apogee and fastest at perigee.
The visible changes in the Moon’s position and phase from night to night is the result of its revolution around Earth.