Number notation and place value

Standard form notation: used to express very large or very small numbers. A number in standard form is written as a x 10^n where 1 ≤ a < 10 and n is an integer.
Decimal notation: most common number notation. Includes both integer part and fractional part separated by a decimal point.
Fractions: used to represent a part of a whole. It comprises of a numerator (top number) and a denominator (bottom number). Numerator indicates the number of parts, while denominator indicates the total number of equal parts in a whole.
Percentage notation: used to represent a number as a fraction of 100. It’s symbolized by the ‘%’ sign.

Units place: the rightmost place in a number.
Tens place: to the left of the units place. Each move to the left multiplies the place value by 10.
Hundreds place: to the left of the tens. Continuing the pattern, each move to the left multiplies the place value by 10.
Decimal place values: includes tenths (one place after the decimal), hundredths (two places after the decimal) and so on.
Naming large numbers: Beyond hundreds, we use names such as thousands, millions, billions and so on according to the place value. For example, in number 1,000,000, the 1 is in the “millions” place.

Understand how to convert between different number notations (standard form, decimals, fractions, and percentages).
Rounding numbers according to different place value is crucial. For example, if rounding to the nearest tens, the value in the units place will decide the result.
Comparing and ordering numbers will require a solid understanding of both number notation and place value. For example, you need to be able to determine which is larger: 0.25 or 25%.
Be aware of common misconceptions such as the belief that 0.5 is bigger than 0.45 because 5 is larger than 45. Always consider place value when comparing numbers.
Practice converting between different forms and being precise with place value to build speed and confidence.