Design techniques (e.g., pattern cutting, draping, sewing, etc.)

Section 1: Design Techniques Overview

Pattern cutting is the process of creating templates for various parts of a garment which are then used to cut out fabric.
Draping is a design technique where fabric is pinned, tucked or pleated onto a dress form to develop the structure of a garment.
Sewing is the fundamental process of joining two pieces of fabric together using various types of stitches.

Section 2: Pattern Cutting

Start with basic block patterns, which are simple patterns without any design allowances.
Adapting block patterns creates new designs. This requires understanding of fit, balance, style lines and wearing ease.
Use marking tools such as tailor’s chalk or fabric-marking pens to transfer pattern markings onto fabric.
Cut fabric pieces using shears or rotary cutters for straight edges and curves respectively.
Place pattern pieces on fabric considering grain direction, which affects the drape and stretch of the finished garment.

Section 3: Draping

Draping begins with a dress form, onto which fabric is placed and shaped into the desired design.
Use pins to hold fabric pieces in place on the dress form during the draping process.
Mark the fabric directly on the form to indicate seam lines, darts, pleats and other design elements.
Draping allows for more creativity and gives a realistic view of what the finished garment will look like.

Section 4: Sewing

Understand various types of stitches like running stitch, backstitch and overcast stitch.
Choose the right sewing machine needle and thread for the fabric type to ensure neat and strong seams.
Use pinning to keep fabric pieces in place before sewing, ensuring accuracy.
Sewing involves joining fabric pieces together, using various techniques such as seaming, hemming, applying zippers and buttons, and more.
Familiarize yourself with using a sewing machine properly, including threading it, selecting stitch type and length, and adjusting tension.

Section 5: Design Techniques and Sustainability

Always consider waste reduction when laying out pattern pieces to cut from fabric.
Use natural fibres wherever possible, as they are more sustainable than most synthetic alternatives.
Consider the lifecycle of your garment, including potential repairs and recyclability when making design decisions. For instance, using natural dyes and avoiding complex mixes of different types of threads can make a product easier to recycle.