Calculations

Basic Electrical and Electronic Calculations

  • Understand the principles of Ohm’s Law (V = IR), and how to calculate voltage, current, and resistance.
  • Know how to calculate power (P = IV), and differentiate between real, reactive, and apparent power.
  • Familiarise yourself with the principles of Kirchhoff’s voltage and current laws in circuits.
  • Know how to make calculations for series and parallel circuits.

Operational Amplifiers

  • Understand the principles of inverting and non-inverting amplifiers and calculate the output voltage.
  • Know how to calculate the gain of an Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) using the formula Gain = Rf / Rin.
  • Have an awareness of the effects of feedback on Op-Amp circuits including understanding the principles of voltage follower (buffer).

Digital Logic Calculations

  • Understand the concepts of binary, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems and how to convert between them.
  • Be familiar with Boolean algebra concepts and applying them including AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR operations.
  • Know how to apply DeMorgan’s Theorem to simplify Boolean logic expressions.

Microcontroller and Electrical Control System Calculations

  • Be acquainted with the relationship between different number systems and coding schemes in microcontrollers like ASCII, BCD, or Gray Code.
  • Understand how to calculate timing considerations for control systems like setting the clock speed or calculating execution time for a particular task.
  • Be aware of calculations related to PID control including setting initial values for the Proportional, Integral and Derivative constants.

Signal Processing Calculations

  • Understand how to calculate frequency in both analogue and digital signals.
  • Understand the principles of signal modulation and how to calculate parameters such as modulation index.
  • Know how to calculate signal to noise ratio (SNR) and understand its importance in signal processing.

Calculations Regarding Electromagnetic Fields

  • Exhibit knowledge on how to calculate the force on a moving charge in a magnetic field (F = qvBsinθ).
  • Understanding the parameters influencing the inductance calculation in a coil.
  • Comprehend the calculation and importance of capacitance in electronic circuits.