Natural and Artificial Sources of Background Radiation

Natural Sources of Background Radiation

Cosmic radiation: This radiation comes from the sun and outer space. The atmosphere and magnetic field of our planet protect us from most of this radiation.
Rocks and soil: Naturally occurring radioactive material can be found in the earth’s crust. This includes radon gas which can accumulate in houses built on certain types of soil.
Internal radiation: This is radiation from radioactive substances within our own bodies. These substances enter our bodies through the food we eat and the air we breathe.

Artificial Sources of Background Radiation

Nuclear power plants: These generate electricity by nuclear fission of uranium or plutonium. Radioactive waste is produced in the process which must be properly managed and disposed of.
Medical procedures: Some medical procedures and tests, like X-rays and PET scans, involve the use of radiation.
Consumer products: Certain products, such as smoke detectors and luminous watches, contain small amounts of radioactive materials.
Nuclear weapons testing and accidents: Radioactive fallout can be released into the environment during nuclear weapons testing and accidents at nuclear facilities.

Remember, while these sources contribute to the background radiation we are exposed to, the levels of this radiation are generally too low to cause immediate harm. However, long-term overexposure to background radiation can increase the risk of certain types of cancer. It’s important to understand these sources and work towards limiting unnecessary exposure where possible.