The Existence of God

The Cosmological Argument: Everything that exists must have a cause. As the universe exists it must also have a cause- this cause is what we understand to be God.
The Teleological Argument or Argument from Design: The complexity and order of the universe implies a designer. This supposed designer is referred to as God.
The Moral Argument: The existence of moral laws suggests a moral lawgiver, typically conceived as God.
Religious Experience: Personal experiences of a divine presence give suggestive evidence for God’s existence.
The Ontological Argument: The concept of a perfect being implies existence, as a perfect being would lack nothing and nonexistence is a lack.

Problem of Evil: The presence of suffering and evil in the world conflicts with the concept of a benevolent and omnipotent God.
Scientific Explanations: Aspects of the universe can be explained through science without the need to suggest a divine cause or designer.
Logical Problems of the Concept of God: Some argue that the concept of God is logically contradictory, like the idea of God being both benevolent and allowing suffering.
Non-Religious Explanations of Morality: Morals can also have non-religious explanations, such as social contract or evolution.
Subjectivity of Religious Experience: Critics consider religious experiences too subjective, unreliable, and disparate to provide convincing evidence for God’s existence.

The Theory of Evolution vs The Teleological Argument: Evolution might explain the complex design of the universe, implying a lack of need for a ‘divine designer’.
The idea of omnipotence vs The Problem of Evil: Can God be all-powerful if evil exists?
The subjectivity of morality vs The Moral Argument: If morality is subjective, does this undermine the notion of an absolute moral lawgiver?