Ethanol

Ethanol: General Information

• Ethanol, scientifically known as ethyl alcohol, is an organic compound represented by the molecular formula C2H5OH.
• It’s a two-carbon alcohol, meaning it contains two carbon atoms.
• As a liquid, it’s clear, colourless and has a characteristic pleasant smell and is used widely in sanitisers, perfumes and aftershaves.

Production of Ethanol

• Ethanol production can take place through fermentation. Sucrose or glucose, found in sugarcane and beets, undergoes anaerobic respiration in yeast to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide. This is the way alcohol is produced for beverages.
• Ethanol can also be synthesised by the hydration of ethene. In this process, ethene gas, obtained from crude oil, reacts with steam in the presence of a catalyst to form ethanol. This method is commonly used for the commercial production of ethanol.

Uses of Ethanol

• As a consumable alcoholic beverage, more commonly known as drinking alcohol. Ethanol is the only type of alcohol that may be consumed, but in moderation.
• As a fuel or a fuel additive due to its combustible properties. It can reduce the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from gasoline.
• In industry, as a solvent for varnishes and perfumes due to its ability to dissolve many organic compounds.

Drawbacks and Dangers

• Overconsumption of ethanol can lead to poisoning and long-term health issues like liver cirrhosis and addiction.
• When burned, ethanol still produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, contributing to global warming.
• The production of ethanol from crops can lead to deforestation and uses up resources that could be used for food production.

Remember that understanding the properties, production methods, uses, and associated issues of ethanol can be helpful in formulating sustainable and environment-friendly practices in the real world.