Ammonia

Fundamental Properties of Ammonia

• Ammonia, symbolised as NH3, is a compound with nitrogen and hydrogen.
• This colourless gas has a distinct, strong odour that is somewhat irritating to human senses.
• Considered a weak base, ammonia mediates many chemical reactions.

Production from Haber Process

• Ammonia is primarily produced industrially via the Haber process.
• In this process, nitrogen and hydrogen gases react to produce ammonia under high pressure and temperature with the aid of an iron catalyst.

Uses of Ammonia

• Ammonia plays a crucial role in the agricultural industry; it is used to manufacture fertilisers to boost plant growth.
• It also finds application in numerous other industries such as the production of plastics, textiles, pesticides, and dyes.

Toxicity and Safety Measures

• Though essential in many processes, ammonia can be hazardous and is dangerous when inhaled, ingested, or in contact with skin.
• Strict safety measures must be adhered to when dealing with ammonia. Its storage and usage need to be controlled carefully.

Environmental Impact

• Ammonia is a significant component in the earth’s nitrogen cycle. It is produced and used by many organisms as a fundamental building block for proteins.
• However, excess ammonia can contribute to acid rain and eutrophication of water bodies, which can affect ecological balance. Hence, monitoring and controlling its emission is essential.