Representation of Graphics and Sounds

Bitmap Graphics: Bitmap graphics, also called raster graphics, represent images as a grid of individual pixels. Each pixel has a binary code that represents its colour and intensity.
Representation of Colours: Each pixel in a bitmap image is represented by a binary code. The length of the binary code determines the number of different colours that can be displayed. RGB (Red, Green, Blue) and CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) are common methods of digitally representing colours.
Resolution: The resolution of an image refers to the number of pixels it contains. It is usually given as two numbers, the number of pixels across the image and the number of pixels down. Higher resolution means more details, but larger file size.
File Size of Bitmap Images: The file size of a bitmap image is determined by the number of pixels (resolution) and the depth of colour (number of bits per pixel). More detailed images have larger file sizes.
Compression: Compressing a bitmap image reduces its file size by removing redundant information or details that would not be noticeable to the human eye. Compression can be lossy (some data are permanently lost) or lossless (all data can be restored).

Sample Rate: Digital audio is recorded by taking samples of the original sound wave at regular intervals. The sample rate (measured in samples per second, or Hz) affects the quality of the audio - higher sample rates capture more detail, but result in larger file sizes.
Bit Depth: Each audio sample is stored as a binary number. The bit depth refers to the number of bits used for each sample. Higher bit depths allow for more dynamic range (the difference between the softest and loudest sounds).
Channels: Mono sounds are recorded with one audio channel, stereo sounds use two, and surround sound can use even more. More channels offer a more immersive listening experience, but increase the file size.
File Size of Audio Files: The file size of an audio file depends on the sample rate, bit depth, number of channels, and duration of the recording. Higher quality sounds have larger file sizes.
Compression: Audio compression works similarly to image compression. It reduces the file size of audio files by removing redundant or less important data. Compression can be lossy (some data are permanently lost) or lossless (all data can be restored).