Analysis of ancient source material

Analysis of Ancient Source Material

Understanding Primary and Secondary Sources

  • Primary sources are original texts or artifacts from the Roman era, such as sculptures, inscriptions, and literary works.
  • Secondary sources are interpretations or analyses of the primary sources created later, usually by modern scholars.
  • Both primary and secondary sources are important to understanding Roman civilisation; primary sources for direct evidence, secondary sources for the context and interpretation.

Evaluating Bias and Reliability

  • When studying an ancient source, consider the possibility of bias or agenda; the author may have had a particular viewpoint or allegiance which could influence their account.
  • Consider factors such as the author’s social status, their target audience, and the era in which they wrote - all these could affect their perspective.

Interpretation and Context

  • Aim to understand the historical context of the material; it can significantly affect its meaning.
  • Reflect on why a certain artifact, inscription or piece of text might have been created.
  • Consider the cultural background and societal norms of the time, as understanding these can enrich your interpretation.

Cross-referencing Sources

  • Cross-reference different sources for a more well-rounded understanding.
  • If multiple primary sources confirm the same event or fact, it’s likely to be accurate.
  • Secondary sources can provide corroborating viewpoints or alternative insights.

Role of Archaeological Sources

  • Archaeological sources, like buildings and everyday objects, give insight into Roman life and societal structure.
  • Analysis of such sources is often multidisciplinary, combining expertise from historians, archaeologists, and scientists.
  • They can reveal much about Roman technology, trade, population, and leisure activities.

Role of Literary Sources

  • Roman literature provides a wealth of understanding about Roman mentality, values, and worldview.
  • Poetry, plays, speeches, and legal texts reveal a great deal about the social, political, and cultural life.
  • Interpreting literary sources should also take into account literary techniques and genres.