Woodland Planting Techniques

Preparation before Planting

The success of any woodland creation project relies heavily on proper site preparation before planting. An understanding of the site’s existing condition and the species that are intended to be planted is crucial.
The selection of appropriate species is key. Consideration of the site’s soil type, climate, and prevailing wind direction can dictate the variety of trees that should be planted.
Prior to planting, the land should be thoroughly cleared of weeds and other unwanted vegetation. This may involve mechanical removal, controlled burning or the use of appropriate herbicides.
Installation of tree shelters or guards might be necessary to protect young trees from wildlife and other potential threats.

Bare root planting: This involves planting young trees with exposed roots. They are normally purchased during the dormant season and must be planted immediately. They are usually cheaper and have a higher success rate, but require more care during planting.
Container grown trees: These are trees grown in containers and they can be planted at any time of the year. They usually have a higher survival rate, but are costlier and require larger planting holes.
Cell grown trees: These trees are grown in small cells, allowing the roots to develop more naturally. They offer the most effective balance between cost and survival rates.
Stump planting: This method allows regrowth from the stumps of felled trees.

Regular maintenance in the early years after planting is just as important as good planting techniques. It may involve weeding, watering during dry spells, checking and repairing tree shelters, controlling mammal damage and replacing failed trees.
Pruning and thinning should be carried out to promote healthy growth. Diseases and pests should be deduced early and treated accordingly.
Long term woodland management plans must include measures to protect the woodland from threats including disease, fires and invasive species.