The structure and organization of the sport and physical activity sector

The Sport and Physical Activity Sector

The sector is composed of numerous organisations and bodies that deliver sport and physical activity services.
Typically, these bodies fall into public, private and voluntary sectors. Each has a unique role and interacts with the others in diverse ways.
The public sector includes local authorities, schools, and higher education institutions. They provide accessible and affordable physical activity opportunities.
The private sector involves for-profit organisations like fitness clubs and sports equipment retailers. They’re driven by market demand and consumer preferences.
The voluntary sector includes non-profit bodies, many of them sports clubs and associations. They often rely on volunteer support and funding.

In the UK, the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) sets the policy framework and oversees the sport and physical activity sector.
The Sport and Recreation Alliance represents the interests of sport and recreation organisations in the UK.
UK Sport and Sport England are two significant public sector bodies. They allocate public funding to drive sport participation and success at all levels.
The National Governing Bodies (NGBs) like the Football Association (FA) or Rugby Football Union, regulate their sports, setting rules, organising competitions and developing participation.

Beyond their own funding, organisations receive financial support from various sources like gift aid, lottery funding, sponsorship and grants.
The sector is regulated to ensure safety, quality and equality. Regulatory bodies include Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK Anti-Doping Agency, and the Equality and Human Rights Commission.
Qualifications and training for professionals in the sector are overseen by bodies like Register of Exercise Professionals (REPs) and UK Coaching.

Recent trends include the rise in digital fitness (apps, online classes), growing emphasis on well-being and mental health, and focus on promoting inclusive and accessible physical activities for all.
Sustainability has become a key focus, with initiatives to reduce environmental impact and foster social responsibility.
The sector must adapt to evolving social, economic and political contexts, and respond effectively to global events such as pandemic conditions.