Project lifecycle and project stages

Project Lifecycle

The project lifecycle is a series of phases through which a project progresses from its inception to its completion.
Lifecycles can be simple or complex depending on the size and nature of the project.
Every project goes through four basic phases: initiation, planning, execution, and closure.
The initiation phase is where project goals are defined, key stakeholders are identified, and a business case is prepared.
In the planning phase, a detailed project plan is drawn up, resources are identified and allocated, and roles and responsibilities are defined.
The execution phase is where the project plan is put into action and the work of the project is performed.
The closure phase typically involves handing over the deliverables to the client, releasing project resources, and conducting a post-project review to learn from experiences.
Consideration should also be given to project risk throughout the lifecycle, including the identification, analysis, planning response, and control of different risks.

Project Stages in Construction

In the construction industry, projects are often broken down into more detailed stages.
The pre-construction stage includes feasibility studies, outline design, detailed design, and procurement.
The feasibility studies determine whether the project is practicable and can deliver the desired outcomes.
The outline design involves drawing up the broad concepts for the project, while the detailed design specifies the materials, methods, and processes necessary to realise the project.
Procurement involves securing the services of contractors, subcontractors, and suppliers necessary to execute the project.
The construction phase includes mobilisation, construction, inspection and testing, and handover.
Mobilisation is getting ready for the start of work on-site. This may involve preparing the site and setting up facilities.
Construction is the physical building process.
Inspection and testing ensure that the work complies with specifications and standards.
The project concludes with the handover stage, where control of the built asset is transferred from the constructor to the client.
Post-construction stages typically include operation, maintenance, renovation, and ultimately decommissioning or demolition.