Explanations of Deviant Subculture – A Level Sociology OCR Revision

Deviant subcultures are groups that exhibit behaviours or norms that deviate from or challenge mainstream societal norms.
They often emerge as a form of resistance or opposition to perceived societal constraints or injustices.
These subcultures can offer members a collective identity and sense of belonging, especially for individuals who feel marginalised or misunderstood by society.

Shared experiences of marginalisation, exclusion or conflict with societal norms can lead to the formation of deviant subcultures.
The media can play a role in the creation and dissemination of deviant subcultures by introducing ideas, symbols, and images that diverge from mainstream society.
Societal pressure can contribute to the formation of deviant subcultures. For example, high rates of youth unemployment could lead to the formation of a deviant subculture as a response to economic stress.

The Cohen’s Subcultural Theory posits that deviant subcultures form as a reaction to the perceived lack of opportunity within society, creating an alternate value system that challenges societal norms.
The Cloward and Ohlin’s Differential Opportunity Theory suggests that access to illegitimate means to achieve societal goals influences the formation of deviant subcultures.
The Conflict Theory maintains that societal power dynamics influence the formation of subcultures, with deviant subcultures often forming in groups that experience marginalisation or social inequality.

Understanding deviant subcultures can reveal societal tensions, conflicts, and inequalities, providing crucial sociological insights.
Such analysis can pinpoint areas needing intervention or policy changes, for example in education, criminal justice or social services.
From a broader perspective, deviant subcultures can lead to societal change and evolution as they challenge existing norms and values.