Ensemble Music: Musical Theatre

Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dance.
The story and emotional content of a musical – humour, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of entertainment as an integrated whole.
It has its roots in a variety of styles, including opera, operetta, vaudeville, melodrama, and more.

Songs are often written to advance the plot. They express the character’s feelings or lead to a resolution in the storyline.
The structure often consists of two acts, with a clearly defined problem and resolution.
Dance sequences often feature, varying in style depending on the time period and setting of the musical.
Unlike operas, in musical theatre pieces, the songs are usually interspersed with sections of spoken dialogue.

The orchestra in a musical theatre production usually accompanies the songs and dances, often playing overtures, entr’actes and underscoring dramatic moments.
Musical theatre can employ a wide variety of instruments, often including strings, woodwinds, brass, keyboards, and percussion. The specific instrumentation can vary widely from show to show, reflecting the musical style of the piece.
Many modern musicals also include electric and bass guitars, along with synthesisers and drum kits, reflecting the influence of pop and rock music.

Stephen Sondheim, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II are among the well-known composers of musical theatre.
Famous musicals include ‘The Phantom of the Opera’, ‘Les Misérables’, ‘West Side Story’, ‘Rent’, and ‘Wicked’.

Understand the distinctive characteristics of musical theatre and how it differs from other musical genres.
Be aware of the structural components of a musical theatre piece, such as the two-act format.
Know the common instrumentation used in a musical theatre orchestra and their roles.
Familiarise yourself with famous composers and musicals within this genre.