Rock and Pop

Overview of Rock and Pop

Rock and Pop developed in the mid-late 20th century, mainly in the USA and UK.
A convergence of various music styles including rock ‘n’ roll, country music, and rhythm & blues led to its emergence.
Understanding the context, musical features and key artists is crucial for this part of the revision.

The standard pop or rock band consists of a rhythmic section (drums and bass), a harmonic section (guitars, keyboards), and lead vocals. Often includes backing vocals.
Rhythmic patterns depend on the dance styles and originate from the blues swing feel.
Harmony is basic and repetitive, most commonly using the primary chords (I, IV, V). Some songs use a ii-V-I jazz progression.
Lyrics often revolve around themes like love, rebellion, or social messages. The language is usually colloquial.

Rock ‘n’ Roll (1950s): Artists like Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry popularised this genre.
Pop (1960s onward): The Beatles and The Beach Boys were leading artists, known for their melodic tunes and harmonies.
Punk Rock (1970s): A reaction to the commercialisation of rock, it was more aggressive in style. The Clash and the Sex Pistols were important bands.
Disco (1970s): Repetitive rhythms suitable for dancing, artists include Donna Summer and Bee Gees.
Alternative/Indie (1980s onwards): Genre with less mainstream appeal, highlighted bands include Nirvana, Oasis and Radiohead.

Most pop songs follow the structure: Intro - Verse - Chorus - Verse - Chorus - Middle 8 - Chorus - Outro
Riffs, hooks and catchy melodies are created for repeat factor.
Songs often use the call and response technique, particularly in Blues-influenced pieces.
Verses often progress the narrative while the chorus contains the main message or theme.
Middle 8 (bridge) offers a contrast to the verse and chorus.
Outro may simply fade out the track, or repeat the key themes in a resolved manner.

Listen for the distinctive characteristics mentioned in the musical features, such as chord progressions, instrument usage and lyrics.
Consider the specific genre and ways the piece fits in or diverges from its norms.
Assess the use of different composition techniques within the song.
Consider the cultural and historical context of the piece, including the songwriter’s intentions if available.

By understanding these critical components, you’ll be well-equipped to approach Rock and Pop music from an informed perspective.