Lifestyle and Health: Insulin and Diabetes

Insulin is a hormone primarily responsible for the regulation of glucose (sugar) levels in the blood. Produced in the pancreas, it allows cells to absorb glucose and use it as energy or store it for future use.
Diabetes is a condition where the body cannot regulate its blood sugar levels effectively. There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. As a result, little to no insulin is produced. Most often, it develops in childhood.
Type 2 diabetes is typically associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity and lack of physical activity. In this type, the body does not use insulin effectively (insulin resistance), or it may not make enough insulin.
Both types of diabetes have the same central issue - too much glucose in the bloodstream. High glucose levels can lead to damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs if not controlled.
The main symptoms of diabetes include increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, tiredness, and blurred vision.
There is no cure for diabetes, but symptoms can be managed to prevent health complications. Type 1 diabetes is usually managed with insulin injections while Type 2 diabetes can be managed with lifestyle changes (healthy diet, regular physical activity) and medication.
Regular blood glucose monitoring is crucial for diabetes management, helping to ensure blood sugar levels stay within the target range set by healthcare professionals.
A healthy lifestyle (balanced diet, regular exercise) is beneficial not only in managing diabetes but also in preventing the development of Type 2 diabetes.
It’s important to emphasise that while lifestyle factors play a role in Type 2 diabetes, both types of diabetes are influenced by genetic factors. This means that some people may be more susceptible than others to developing the condition.