Human Body: Endocrine System

The endocrine system comprises glands that produce and secrete hormones. These hormones act as chemical messengers within the body.
The primary glands making up the endocrine system are the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, and ovaries.
The pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, is referred to as the ‘master gland’ because it regulates the function of other glands.
The thyroid gland, located in the throat area, regulates the body’s metabolism.
Adrenal glands, located, on top of the kidneys, produce adrenaline which prepares the body for ‘fight or flight’ response in stressful situations.
The pancreas, near the stomach, regulates blood sugar levels by producing the hormones insulin and glucagon.
The testes (in males) and ovaries (in females) are responsible for producing sex hormones, which regulate sexual development and functions.
Hormones affect a myriad of functions in the body, including growth and development, mood, sexual function, reproduction, and metabolism.
Hormones are transported in the bloodstream to specific cells, where they elicit a specific response.
Hormonal communication is slower than nervous communication but has a long-lasting effect.
Hormonal imbalances can cause health issues, such as diabetes, thyroid disease, growth disorders, sexual dysfunction, and mood disorders.
Hormones’ release is typically regulated by negative feedback mechanisms, which helps to maintain homeostasis in the body.
Understanding the working of the endocrine system is instrumental in the development of treatments for endocrine disorders.