Arboricultural techniques and processes

Tree Planting

Begin with choosing the right time to plant, generally during the dormant season; autumn to early spring.
Preparing the planting hole accurately; ensure it is 2-3 times the diameter of the root system, but no deeper than the root ball.
Gently loosen the root ball to encourage root growth into the surrounding soil.
Backfilling the hole properly using existing soil mixed with organic matter and water regularly.
Avoiding over-mulching, it should be no more than 2-3 inches thick, and kept away from the trunk to prevent rot.

Start early when the tree is young and the branches are small. This is a process of selectively removing branches to improve tree structure.
Trim back branches that cross over each other, to prevent them damaging each other.
Always use sharp and clean pruners to prevent the spread of disease and make clean cuts.
Never remove more than 25% of the tree canopy in one year as it may stress the tree.

Regular visual inspections to identify signs of poor tree health such as discoloured, wilting or dropping leaves, pests, rot, or unusual growths.
Using tools such as a resistograph, to detect any hidden decay or cavities within the tree.
Soil tests to check the nutrient levels and pH, and adjust the fertilising routine accordingly.

Adherence to PPE, including helmets, gloves and chainsaw protective clothing.
Understanding and implementing the correct procedures for the use and maintenance of all equipment.
Following all relevant safety regulations, including working at height regulations and the use of safety harnesses when climbing.
Always having a first aid kit on hand during any arboricultural activities.
Regularly review and update risk assessments and method statements.

For mature trees that need to be relocated, tree spading or tree transplanting methods can be used.
Using a root barrier can help to control root locations and prevent damage to foundations or walkways.
Employing correct stumping and grinding techniques so as not to impact surrounding vegetation.
Bracing and cabling may be applied to provide support to weak tree branches and stems, reducing risk of damage.

Regular watering during dry conditions is crucial, especially for newly planted trees.
Applying fertilisers can enhance growth and health, but should not be overused as it might induce excessive growth leading to weak wood.
Implementing a regular monitoring program to detect changes in the tree’s health status.
Understanding legal protection measures, such as Tree Preservation Orders, to ensure compliance and preservation of trees.