Issues: Computer Legislation

Issues: Computer Legislation

Computer Legislation

  • The term computer legislation refers to the different laws that control or regulate the use of computers and information technology.

The Computer Misuse Act 1990

  • The Computer Misuse Act 1990 was created to prevent and crack down on cyber crimes.
  • Crimes under this act include unauthorised access to computer material (hacking), unauthorised access with intent to commit other offences, and unauthorised modification of computer material.

Data Protection Act 2018

  • The Data Protection Act 2018 is designed to protect personal data stored on computers or in an organised paper filing system.
  • It requires that data should be processed fairly and lawfully, used for limited, specifically stated purposes, and be accurate and up-to-date.
  • The Act gives individuals the right to know what information is held about them, and provides a mechanism for that information to be corrected or even erased.

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

  • GDPR is a regulation enacted by the EU but also applies to organisations outside the EU if they offer goods or services to individuals in the EU.
  • GDPR emphasises transparency, security, and the accountability of those handling personal data.
  • Any organisation that processes personal data must ensure that it is protected against unauthorised or unlawful processing, accidental loss, destruction or damage.

Freedom of Information Act 2000

  • The Freedom of Information Act 2000 provides public access to information held by public authorities.
  • The Act implements a ‘right to know’ principle, whereby individuals have the right to access recorded information held by public sector organisations.
  • However, there are some exemptions to protect sensitive information.
  • The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 grants exclusive rights to the original creators of products.
  • This includes the exclusive rights of reproduction, distribution, adaptation, and performance for the author or the creator.
  • It also covers software, making it illegal to copy or distribute software or its code without the permission of the copyright holder.

Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000

  • The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (RIPA) governs the powers of public bodies to carry out surveillance and investigation, and the interception of communications.
  • The legislation is intended to protect individuals’ rights under the Human Rights Act, while also ensuring that crime and terrorism can be prevented effectively.
  • Authorities given powers under RIPA include the police, intelligence services, and a range of government departments and local authorities.