Sketching, drawing and CAD

Sketching and Drawing

Freehand Sketching: This basic skill is often the starting point of design ideas. Freehand sketching involves drawing without any tools, relying on one’s hand-eye coordination and observation skills.
3D Sketching: This more advanced technique brings depth to drawings, allowing blacksmiths to visualise their designs in three dimensions, which can be crucial for complex pieces.
Orthographic Projection: This is a system of drawing that shows different views (incl. front, side and top) of an object, providing full detail for practical production.
Sectional Drawing: This method involves ‘cutting away’ part of the object to reveal internal construction details - a must for pieces with hidden or intricate components.
Rendered Drawing: Applying shading, texture and sometimes colour to a sketch can give a more realistic visualisation of the final product, helping to evaluate the design before creating a prototype.

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

Introduction to CAD: Understanding the importance of computer-aided design (CAD) technology in modern blacksmithing is key, as it allows for more precise and complex designs, as well as easy modification and presentation of designs.
2D CAD Drawing: These digital drawings are simpler and quicker to produce than hand-drawn versions, and can be used to create accurate orthographic projection and plans.
3D CAD Modelling: A more sophisticated form of CAD that offers three-dimensional views of the design, with the ability to rotate and manipulate the model to scrutinise it from all angles.
Materials and Textures in CAD: Digital representation of different metals and finishes can assist in visualising the final product, though it’s essential to understand that actual materials may differ in appearance.
CAD and CNC Machines: Modern blacksmithing often involves computer numerically controlled (CNC) machinery; being able to create CNC-compatible CAD designs opens up possibilities for controlled, repeatable precision.
Exporting and Printing CAD Designs: Knowledge of how to properly transfer a design from the computer to a physical print or exporting to a CNC machine is vital for effective implementation.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages of Sketching: Fast, easy to modify, portable, needs minimal tools and equipment, good for capturing and developing initial ideas.
Disadvantages of Sketching: Can lack precision, depends heavily on the artist’s skill, may not be suitable for complex or intricate designs.
Advantages of CAD: Highly precise, easily editable, 3D models provide comprehensive viewing, compatible with CNC machinery for accurate production.
Disadvantages of CAD: Requires software and hardware resources, has a learning curve, may be time-consuming for simple designs, less portable than a sketchbook.