Jigs and Fixtures - Overview

Jigs and fixtures are specialised tools used for precision in manufacturing processes.
They are designed to guide the tool and secure the workpiece to ensure accurate and consistent manufacturing.
The primary difference between jigs and fixtures is that a jig guides the cutting tool and a fixture secures the workpiece.
These devices increase productivity, reduce lead times, enhance safety and ensure high-quality products.

Types of Jigs

Drill Jigs: These hold the workpiece and guide the drill to make holes at predefined locations.
Assembly Jigs: Often used in electronics, these guide components into precise locations during assembly process.
Welding Jigs: These maintain the correct alignment of parts during the welding process.

Milling Fixtures: These secure the workpiece for machining surfaces.
Turning Fixtures: These hold the workpiece during a turning operation.
Grinding Fixtures: These secure the workpiece while grinding it for optimal precision.

Frequently used in industries like automotive production, aviation, and electronics assembly.
They are key in ensuring consistency in mass production processes.
Jigs and fixtures can also be used for intricate woodworking like cabinetry or furniture manufacturing where precision is paramount.

You need to consider the complexity of the operation: simpler operations may only require a basic jig or fixture, while more complex operations may need a custom-made one.
Budget restrictions: custom jigs and fixtures can be expensive to design and manufacture.
Material suitability: different materials require different types of jigs and fixtures. For example, a woodwork jig may not be suitable for a metalwork operation.
The level of precision required in the finished product determines the complexity and type of jig or fixture used.
Consider the safety aspects, especially in high-speed operations. Properly designed jigs and fixtures can prevent accidents and protect workers.
Maintenance of the tools is essential as well-worn jigs and fixtures can compromise the quality of the finished product.