The Skeletal System

-The Skeletal System

• The human body consists of 206 bones, which form the framework of the skeletal system. • The skeletal system performs several vital tasks. Its primary functions are to provide structure and support, protect internal organs, aid in movement, store minerals, and generate blood cells. • Bones are classified into four types: long bones (e.g., femur), short bones (e.g., wrist bones), flat bones (e.g., scapula), and irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae). • Each bone is enveloped by a thin layer of tissue known as periosteum, which helps produce new bone cells. • Inside the bone is the marrow, which is responsible for generating blood cells. • The place where two or more bones meet is called a joint. The three primary types of joints are fibrous (non-movable), cartilaginous (partially moveable), and synovial (freely moveable). • Synovial joints are further categorised into types including hinge joints (as in the elbow or knee) and ball-and-socket joints (as in the hip or shoulder). • Ligaments are strong, fibrous tissues that link bones together at joints, providing stability and preventing damaging movements. • Tendons are similar to ligaments, but instead of connecting bone to bone, they connect muscle to bone. This connection is essential for movement. • Osteoporosis is a common condition affecting the skeletal system, in which bones become weak and brittle due to loss of bone mass. • Regular physical activity, specifically weight-bearing exercises, can help maintain healthy bone density and prevent conditions like osteoporosis. • Test your knowledge: Do you know which parts of the skeleton are responsible for protecting the brain? The heart? The lungs?