Functions of the Musculoskeletal System

The musculoskeletal system is composed of two parts, the muscular system and skeletal system. Their functions include movement, protection, support, blood cell production, storage of minerals and endocrine regulation.

-Movement: The skeletal muscles, which are attached to bones, contract and relax to move the body. These movements include major ones like walking and running, as well as minor ones like blinking and swallowing.

-Protection: The skeletal system, specifically the skull, rib cage and vertebrae, protect vital organs such as the brain, heart and lungs.

-Support: Skeleton offers support to the body. It acts as a framework and helps to maintain the body’s shape. For example, the vertebral column supports the head and upper body.

Blood cell production: Inside the bones, specifically in the bone marrow, blood cells are produced. These include red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body, white blood cells, which fight infection, and platelets, which help blood to clot.
Storage of Minerals: Bones are a storage site for calcium and phosphate. When required, these minerals can be released into the bloodstream for use by the body.
Endocrine regulation: The skeletal system also plays a role in endocrine regulation by releasing osteocalcin, a hormone which helps to regulate blood sugar and fat storage.
Joint flexibility: Joints, where two or more bones meet, allow for flexibility and a wide range of movement. Different types of joints offer different levels and types of movement.
Temperature regulation: Muscles generate heat as they contract, which helps maintain body temperature.
Posture: The muscles and skeleton work together to maintain posture, both when stationary and moving.
Energy storage: Muscles store glucose in the form of glycogen, which can be converted back to glucose when needed for energy.

Remember to understand each function thoroughly and be prepared to explain them in detail.