Web Technologies

Web Technologies:

  • Understand that the World Wide Web is a service provided by the Internet. The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks, while the Web is one of the services communicated over the Internet.

  • Recognize Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) as protocols used for transmitting hypertext over the Internet. HTTP is not secure, so data is not encrypted before being transferred, therefore, it can be easily intercepted. HTTPS, however, encrypts the data for a more secure transfer.

  • Understand the function of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). It is a web address that specifies the location of a resource on the internet and how that resource should be retrieved.

  • Get to know about Internet Protocol (IP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). IP deals with routing packets of data on the internet, while TCP is concerned with transmission and delivery of data in packets to ensure they are correctly ordered and error-free.

  • Define a web browser’s role as a software application for accessing information on the World Wide Web. Each website URL corresponds to an IP address of a server, and it’s the job of the browser to take that URL and fetch the associated webpage.

  • Recognize the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), which assigns IP addresses automatically so that each device gets its unique address, and devices can be added to the network very easily.

  • Understand the role of Domain Name System (DNS), which translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers can load internet resources.

  • Remember that HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), and JavaScript are the key ingredients of most web pages. HTML is used for the structure, CSS for the presentation, and JavaScript for interactive elements.

  • Know about the Cookie technology. Cookies are small files which are stored on a user’s computer and hold data specific to a particular client and website.

  • Understand how Web storage like LocalStorage and SessionStorage can be used to store data persistently and session-based in the browser.

  • Grasp the concept of a Web server, which serves content to the World Wide Web. A web server processes incoming network requests over HTTP and other related protocols.

  • Become familiar with technologies like AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) which allow for the updating of parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page. AJAX uses a combination of CSS and XML to display the data.

  • Understand the concept of Web APIs (Application Programming Interfaces), which provide a way for different software applications to work with each other. They can provide access to a variety of data and resources, like databases or hardware devices.

  • Learn about the principles of the Representational State Transfer (REST) and how it is often used in the development of web services.

  • Understand the importance of usability and accessibility in web development, including the need for responsive design, and compliance with WCAG guidelines.

  • Remember the importance of web security, including secure coding practises to prevent common vulnerabilities like Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and SQL injection attacks.