Decompose the Problem

Decomposition refers to splitting a complex problem into smaller, manageable tasks or problems. This forms the basis for the project’s structure and helps in understanding the steps required to implement the solution.
The objective of decomposition is to simplify the task and make it easier to tackle. The smaller tasks that result from decomposition should ideally be solvable independently.
One common method of decomposition is ‘top-down’, where the initial problem is divided into sub-problems, which are then further divided until they reach a level where they can be solved directly.
Conversely, a ‘bottom-up’ approach might be better for some tasks. This process begins with simpler problems and combines solutions to solve increasingly complex tasks.
Functional decomposition, a submethod of top-down decomposition, involves breaking down the problem based on different functions or roles that are necessary for solving it.
When decomposing a problem, it’s crucial to ensure each subproblem is distinct and does not overlap with others. This prevents repetition of effort and ensures each aspect of the larger problem is dealt with.
Decomposition including identifying inputs and outputs for each subsystem or subtask. This aids in understanding the flow of data and the transformations it undergoes.
One helpful technique when decomposing problems is creating diagrams. Flowcharts, data flow diagrams, and other visual aids can be instrumental in representing the overall structure and the relationship between components.
Documentation is essential while decomposing the problem. This can help for later reference and ensure that no important details are overlooked while working.
Efficient decomposition can significantly lighten the workload and speed up the process of working on the solution. It aids in error detection, makes tasks more manageable for individual or team work, and can also make it simpler to test and debug the solution.